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Dhaka metro rail is a mass rapid transit system that aims to reduce traffic congestion and improve mobility in the capital city of Bangladesh. It is part of the Strategic Transport Plan (STP) outlined by the Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority. The project is funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and implemented by the state-owned Dhaka Mass Transit Company Limited (DMTCL).
The first phase of Dhaka metro rail, MRT Line 6, commenced commercial operations on 28 December 2022, after being inaugurated by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. It covers a distance of 11.73 km from Uttara to Agargaon, with nine stations. The second phase, which will extend the line to Motijheel via Farmgate and Karwan Bazar, is expected to be completed by 2023. The third phase will contain an additional 1.16 km extension at Kamalapur railway station, which will have an interchange with MRT Line 1.
MRT Line 1 is under construction and will run from Gazipur to Kamalapur via Tongi and Airport. It will have two branches: one from Airport to Purbachal and another from Notun Bazar to Bhatara. MRT Line 2 is also under construction and will run from Gabtoli to Dasherkandi via Mirpur and Shyamoli. MRT Lines 4 and 5 are proposed and will run from Kamalapur to Narayanganj and from Hemayetpur to Vatara respectively.
The metro rail system will have a standard gauge track and a 1500V DC overhead electrification. The trains will have six coaches each and will run at an average speed of 30 km/h and a maximum speed of 100 km/h. The trains will be able to carry 60,000 passengers per hour per direction. The fares will vary depending on the distance and the type of ticket or pass. The minimum fare will be Tk. 20 and the maximum fare will be Tk. 100.
The metro rail project is expected to have significant economic, social and environmental impacts on Dhaka and its residents. It will reduce travel time, fuel consumption, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, road accidents and noise levels. It will also increase accessibility, affordability, reliability, safety and comfort of public transport. It will create employment opportunities, stimulate urban development, enhance tourism and cultural activities, and improve the quality of life of the people.